Can men have the HPV vaccine, and how necessary is it?

What HPV does to men

Men catch HPV just as women do, and most clear it on their own too. But there is no screening test for men like the cervical smear, so a persistent infection usually isn't found until it has caused disease. HPV-related cancers in men include cancers of the mouth and throat (especially the tonsils and base of the tongue), the anus and the penis.

Data from many countries show HPV-related mouth and throat cancer rising steadily, several times more often in men than women. The main cause is HPV 16, which both vaccines cover. Types 6 and 11 in the vaccine also prevent the warts this virus causes.

From what age to what age

Both the 4-valent and 9-valent vaccines are licensed for men aged 9–45, the same as women. The greatest benefit comes before any chance of exposure, which is why US guidance recommends routine vaccination at 11–12 (from age 9) with catch-up through age 26.

For men aged 27–45 the vaccine still helps prevent types they haven't caught, but the overall benefit falls with age, so it's a decision to make with a doctor based on personal risk.

Which type, how many doses

• The 9-valent covers more cancer-causing types and is the one current guidance is built around. See HPV 9-valent vaccine
• The 4-valent covers 16 and 18, the main causes of cancer in men, at a lower price. See HPV 4-valent vaccine
• Ages 9–14: 2 doses 6–12 months apart. 15 and over: 3 doses at 0, 2 and 6 months
• For a detailed comparison see 4-valent vs 9-valent

Why vaccinating boys helps everyone

Countries that vaccinate both girls and boys, such as Australia, have seen infection with vaccine types fall across the whole population faster than countries vaccinating girls only, because transmission is cut from both sides. The WHO encourages countries with the resources to extend vaccination to boys for this reason.

In Thailand the government programme still covers schoolgirls only, so parents who want their sons vaccinated need to do so at a clinic. Ages 9–14, when only 2 doses are needed, is the best-value window.

Side effects and preparation

The same as for women: soreness or swelling at the site, headache or a low fever for 1–2 days. Teenagers may faint after the shot, so we ask you to sit for 15–30 minutes. No fasting and no tests are needed beforehand. Bring a vaccination book if you have one, and message us on LINE to check stock and book a date.